3 Linear vision of history and spiral vision

Another of the main obstacles that stand in the way of understanding the true meaning of the march of history is the widespread opinion in the West  of considering that it always happens in a linear way, that is, that there is a continuous evolution that has been happening to mankind, from its origins to our days, and thaht must be qualified as a permanent ascent and progress.
This linear conception of history has been applied both in the development of scientific theories, for example in the theory of evolution developed by Darwin in the formulation of political ideologies. In the latter case it has led to tragedies of incalculable consequences, the most recent of which was presumably derived Marxist theses were backed by the force of a historical process that was deemed inevitable. According to Marx, the economy is the determining factor of human activity and are the different forms of production which have given rise to the different stages in which he divides history: ancient, slave, feudal and capitalist. This last stage necessarily end in a series of revolutions that communism implanted worldwide.
The historical view of Marx had a strictly linear, deterministic character. The references of the past that took into account in its manufacture were always European events, ignoring what had happened in the rest of the world. He never realized that in the past already had been existed perfect examples of the kind that he considered -in his linear vision- should arise in the future. For example, ownership of the means of production owned by the state and the planned economy that was in the Inca empire, far exceeded what had been done in these areas by the Soviet Union at the time of maximum application of Marxist principles .
With the full and naive confidence that gave them believe they had the winds of history in their favor, and for nearly half a century, millions of people devoted their lives to try to realize the theories of Marx. Those who had better luck died in the effort, fighting in revolutions that rarely reached the triumph Russia, China, Cuba and most of the time failed. Those who bore the brunt were those who were victorious and so could organize government and society according to their ideals. A bitter disappointment spanned countless people when they saw their dreams turned into horrendous nightmares. Stalinism, concentration camps, inefficiency, hunger and bureaucracy were the achievements of those who believed they were going according to the laws of human evolution.
Given this obvious failure of the most famous linear conception of history, should bring it up again the ancient world views developed by different cultures in its most important stages. In all cases these cultures agreed estimate that the development of mankind is given pursuant to cycles and they are in turn a spiral. That is, is not denied the existence of evolution and progress, but it is considered that they only contemplate one side of the coin, as well as there is evolution there is also involution equally also exist progress and decay. It is of course very important to reiterate that within this conception, the cycles are not a closed process that are repeated identically to infinity, but they form a spiral reflecting the rise of mankind -and all that exists- toward higher planes of consciousness. This is the view of history we can draw from the sacred books of all time, from the Popol Vuh to the Bible.
Summarizing, we can say that the characteristic spiral conception of history is to consider both the different human groups -peoples, races, nations- and humanity as a whole, are subject to cycles of organic character and through a series of advances and setbacks is achieved a growth in all the orders of the existence, focused primarily on an expansion of consciousness and greater spirituality.
An objection commonly present who first have knowledge of the spiral conception of historyis to say that is a deterministic view that goes against the free will. It is as wrong as considering that the existence of organic cycles violates human freedom sophistry. There is not any violation of that freedom in the fact that a six year old child can not yet -for reasons elementary biological- marry, nor is there for farmers who have to wait for spring to plant rather than in winter. On the contrary, it is precisely the correct understanding of the functioning of the cycles which extends the possibilities of the exercise of freedom,
Let us therefore try to delve a little on the complex issue of historical cycles.